Classification of High Speed Punching Machines

Classification of High Speed Punching Machines

   1. According to the slider driving force can be divided into mechanical and hydraulic two kinds, so the punch press according to its use of different driving force is divided into:
    (1) Mechanical presses
    (2) Hydraulic punching machine
Most of the general sheet metal stamping processes use mechanical presses. Hydraulic punching machine according to its use of different liquids, hydraulic punching machine and hydraulic punching machine, the use of hydraulic punching machine accounted for the majority of hydraulic punching machine is mostly used for large-scale machinery or special machinery.
    2. Classification according to the way of slider movement:
According to the classification of slider movement mode, there are single-action, double-action and triple-action punch presses, only the most used ones are single-action punch presses with one slider, and double-action and triple-action punch presses are mainly used in the induction processing of automobile bodies and large-scale machining parts, and their quantity is very small.C-cylindrical high-speed punching machine

   3.Classification according to the slider drive mechanism:
(1) Crankshaft type presses
Punching machine using crankshaft mechanism is called crankshaft punching machine, such as Figure 1 is a crankshaft type punching machine, most of the mechanical punching machines use this mechanism. The most common reasons for using the crankshaft mechanism are that it is easy to manufacture, the position of the lower end of the stroke can be correctly determined, and the slide motion curve is generally applicable to various processes. Therefore, this type of press is suitable for punching, bending, drawing, hot forging, warm forging, cold forging and almost all other press processes.
    (2) Crankshaft-less punch presses
No crankshaft type punch press, also known as eccentric gear type punch press, Figure 2 is an eccentric gear type punch press. Crankshaft type punch press and eccentric gear type punch press two structure of the function of the comparison, as shown in Table II, eccentric gear type punch press structure of the shaft rigidity, lubrication, appearance, maintenance, etc. is better than the crankshaft structure, the disadvantage is that the price is higher. When the stroke is longer, the eccentric gear type punch press is more favorable, and such as punching and cutting of special machines with shorter strokes, the crankshaft punch press is better, so small machines and high-speed punching and cutting of punches and other punches are also crankshaft punches in the field.
     (3) Elbow joint type presses
The elbow joint mechanism used in the slide drive is called the elbow joint type press, as shown in Fig. 3. This type of press has a unique slide motion curve in which the speed of the slide becomes very slow near the lower dead center (compared with a crankshaft press), as shown in Fig. 4. And also correctly determine the stroke under the dead center position, therefore, this press is suitable for embossing and finishing and other compression processing, and now the cold forging is used the most.
    (4) Friction type presses
A press that uses a friction drive and a screw mechanism on the rail drive is called a friction press. This type of press is the most suitable for forging and crushing operations, and can also be used for bending, forming, and stretching, etc. It has a versatile function and was widely used before the war because of its low price. Due to the inability to determine the position of the lower end of the stroke, processing accuracy is not good, slow production speed, control operation error will produce overload, the use of skilled technology and other shortcomings, is now gradually being eliminated.
    (5) Screw-type presses
The screw mechanism used in the slide drive mechanism is called a screw press (or screw press).

    (6) Rack and Pinion Punching Machine
The rack and pinion mechanism used in the slide drive mechanism is called a rack and pinion punch press. Screw presses have almost the same characteristics as rack and pinion presses, and their characteristics are similar to those of hydraulic presses. It used to be used for pressing in bushings, extrusion of chips and other items, oil extraction, bundling, and pressing out of cartridges (thinning process between heat), etc., but now it has been replaced by the hydraulic press, and is no longer used unless under very special circumstances.C-cylindrical high-speed punching machine

    (7)Linkage type presses
The press that uses various linkage mechanisms on the slide drive mechanism is called a linkage-type press. The purpose of using the connecting rod mechanism is to shorten the cycle of processing while keeping the stretching speed within limits during the lead-in process, and to improve productivity by reducing the speed change of the lead-in process, accelerating the speed of the approach stroke from the upper dead center to the start of the process, and the speed of the reversion stroke from the lower dead center to the upper dead center to have a shorter cycle than the crankshaft punch press. This type of press has been used since ancient times for the deep drawing of cylindrical containers with a narrower bed surface, and has recently been used for the processing of automobile body panels with a wider bed surface.
   (8) Cam-type punch press
A press that uses a cam mechanism on the slide drive mechanism is called a cam press. This type of press is characterized by the production of appropriate cam shapes so that the desired slider motion curve can be easily obtained. However, because of the nature of the cam mechanism, it is difficult to convey a large force, so the capacity of this type of press is very small.

C-cylindrical high-speed punching machine